Khoan
Khoan ( Kanji :馮克寬; 1528 - 1613 ), self:Hoang Phu , Brand: Decree Trai , Mai Yan Zi , further referred to as belly (although only park bordering II Ph.D. , ie Imperial armor ); is ofthe Le Trung Hung and the poet Vietnam .
The life and career
Khoan was born in 1528 in the village of Bung, social Phung Xa , District Thach , refined Ha Tay (now Hanoi ). According to legend, he was his half brother withPoinsettias Nguyen Binh Khiem [1] .
Childhood, his father wrought pair, after attending Poinsettias Nguyen Binh Khiem.But who is famous for transport both digital information, but he did not take the exam and do not have a timetable relating to Mac [2] .
Head of King Le Trung Tong (in person: 1548- 1556 ), according to Le Ba Lỵ he participated in the Le, eliminating the Mac [3] .
Five Dinh Ty ( 1557 ), by science KhoanHuong exam in Yen Dinh ( Thanh Hoa ) at 29 years old. Thai Professor Trinh Kiem said he was tactical, erudite learned to hold the record at defense headquarters, four local custodians Protection Force, and to attend the privy.
From year 1558 to 1571 the Le Trung Tong, he obedience go recruit migrants districts of doing the same. When the average was promoted to the department level, and then change to the supervising Ministry of Rites .Because left the king, he had demoted into the South of Nghe An , shortly after the called home.
Year Canh Thin ( 1580 ) Life Le The Tong , began open competition Association in Van Lai ( Thanh Hoa ) [4] , he applied for entry and parking Imperial armor , was promoted to Admiral of the grant.
Year in 1582 , he resigned from office in his home in Van Lai, king. But the following year (1583 ), the batch from which he himself secretary into Hong.
Year in 1585 , he changed to make Huu urban corridor , the Public , and then appointed as the Ambassador Thanh Hoa Hue (ie Thanh Hoa ). According to the article entitledLanguages Press anthologies by him in 1586, then his title at the time was: "The weather gods Declaration Masterpieces power, privilege and fortune honor great lady Kim death, worked as chief ministers of porcelain Approves the land company Tsinghua ".
Five Dinh Dau ( 1597 ), he is doing urban corridor Ta Gong and was 69, it was sent on a mission to that dynasty Ming ( China ).Regarding water, he was promoted to Marketing lang Ta Lai suite , Mai Linh most deprived [2] .
Year 1599 , King Le Kinh Tong to the throne, was promoted as Khoan Shanghai letter of Cong. Year 1602 , promoted him to Shanghai letter of households , deprived Mai duke [5] .
Shortly after he applied for intellectuals to the countryside, and enthusiasm to participate in building villages. Significantly, he organized the dig canals around the country in the field of mountain teacher, bring water to irrigate fields and Hoang Phung Xa Xa [6] .
The main works
Works by Nom
- Training materials imported fisherman(fisherman Stories in spring cherry), also known as "Executive Training materials". This is the song because he was deported to the South ( Nghe An ) since left the king [2] , but this has been lost.
- Forest routes (all courtship songs about life situation where forests and streams): 185 Alexandrine verse. Never been able to confirm all this courtship has not "entered Fishermen Training Resources" or not.
- Yijing country singer sound means of interpretation of the I Ching , but now no longer. See Yijing National Sound ca(namesake) is now the notoriety Dang Thai Phuong ( 1678 -?).
In addition, he also left a few preface (written for a few poems), and epitaphs. According to legend, one of the following book is also his:Phung Thuong letter thunder (thunder of God's Word letter they Phung), only weak part Infantry (The complete list of the key strategies of war), traditional charitable uncle(Uncle the traditional books on astronomy consideration), ... but not what authentic base[7] .
Works by Han
- Language Press anthologies (poems say media): is written from year 16 to year 86.Every 10 years, the closure of the file, right up to 7 files, but now only to set V, ie at about 60 years old author, a total of around 260 posts.This is a collection of poems (with alternating few items from ) both recorded nature, both lyrical nature. Content includes all aspects of life, feelings, behavior and almost ideal in the author's lifetime. Early poems have titles his post as the year 1586 . [8]
- Workshops co anthologies (poems teach young) comprises 172 bays all weather, climate, plants, insects ... to teach children;but now only about 30 articles.
- Polynomial files (poems know many) who read of Poetry show called the herbalist, birds, insects, fish ... there's he doing out this anthology. Currently about 100 items. As well as co-manager anthologies, writing polynomials with didactic purposes and provide knowledge to children, so the value is not high literature [9]
- Mai Linh porcelain flower anthologies(poems go through the door of Chinese porcelain Mai Linh): includes entries relations with nature, unique carved and reveal the heart of the commercial water memory.
According to legend, he met female godsPrincess Lieu Hanh total of two times, and have initiated poetry painting: once met at Thien Ming ( Lang Son ) when he went on mission, once in Westlake (now in Hanoi ) when he was with you their two outings Li Wu and boats. Once in Westlake, the first man to write poetry went further promote inter-soaked disaster, after the female artist Doan Thi Diem written in the story "Van Cat goddess" in episode television made periodically front of her. According to researchers Bui Duy Tan, the poem was named West Lake fishery agencies (Fish Lake View West). [10] The Vietnamese by Phan Ke Binh service called Lake View West .
Outstanding achievement and attribution
- ... "Now Ming bribery descendants of the Mac , (should) keep to their mission. He was waiting at par (King Ming), instant postman for failure Ming company, since clearly the Mac robbery throne ( the Later Le ) ... The Ming praised new meaning to the angel through agency doors. When they came to Yen Beijing ( Beijing today), the Feast of the road (Ming Dynasty) responsible for the yellow people they brought tribute do not follow the old pattern bow, so to prevent the porcelain in adoration. He talked back saying 'The usurper Mac, nominally against; the Le restore, nominally upon. The people Mac offering gold Figure bowed his stead, was lucky. And as the Le how life doing god: gold face up type person, old regulations remain. Now the Mac to catch customary, they were nothing to suggest the attack police and penal liability to penalties'. It reached the Emperor Ming ( Ming Shen Tong ), finally back to the old formula under the front of the Le dynasty (ie beneficiaries not bow) [11] . Then he shall come into the flanking , bring about the color printing industry. The Chinese are good at ... Meet Ambassador commended the birthday of Emperor Minh, he did rise 30 poems, was King Minh café that: '(The last known) not talent where there is no '... He wrote poems together with porcelain Korea Toai Quang Ly. He finished writing pen immediately, (making) Toại Quang very admire ... [12] . Go home, Princess Trinh Tung very respectful, calling him "Feng first born" without name, and people in the country are calling himTrang Nguyen , because love his talent ... He was adamant brilliant, talented, well known place something crucial. His literary elegance, abundant and TV sets in the world [2] .
The more significant, that during his stay inChina , Khoan attended by entering the turns of thin weaving center [13] , how to grow corn(maize), sesame (sesame). Regarding water, he taught the people, so that was regarded as the ancestor of his career. In addition, he also brought some varieties of rice good, beneficial to the people ... [14] .
In terms of literature , poetry generally Khoan was sincere voice of an intellectual nation with passion, with patriotism injured died.While living in decadent times, but still believe in bright future of the country, still very confident person can change the value chaos, the police rescue ... Poetry Nom His simple, rich style position, effective promote the development of poetry Nom Vietnam . PoetryKanji His gentle demeanor also, of drugs, wasPhan Huy Chu praise (as above) ... [9]
Recognizing the merits of Phung Khac Khoan Phung Xa people have built the temple he made tutelary [15] ; in Hanoi with Phung Khac Khoan Street, and in district 1, Ho Chi Minh City have Khoan street.
Reference books Main
- Phan Huy Chu , stories, "Khoan" in thepress Calendar Dynasty (translation, volume 1). Publisher of Social Sciences, 1992.
- Bui Duy Tan, items from "Khoan" are explained literary dictionary (the new). World Publishing House, 2004.
- Trinh Van Thanh, Idioms Dictionary built-celebrity-Dictionary (vol 2). Publisher soul, Saigon, 1966.
- Tran Van Giap , Learn bookstore Han Nom(Modular). Publisher of Social Sciences, 2003.
- Tran Thi Bang Thanh (editors), Literature XV-XVII century . Publisher of Social Sciences, 2004.
Noted
- ^ According to GS. Trinh Van Thanh (p. 1104). See the "anecdote" in Section Nguyen Binh Khiem .
- ^ a ă â b According to Phan Huy Chu , p.260-261.
- ^ According to Phan Huy Chu (p. 260).Books Literature XV-XVII century (p. 974) reported in 1553 , he started in Thanh Hoajoined the Le Trung Hung's house.
- ^ Van Xuan Lai Chau now the district Tho Xuan , province of Thanh Hoa . View more "Van Back-yen School (located in Thanh Hoa), once the capital of Vietnam" [1] .
- ^ According to the article "National Dual Khoan quo" on the website of Thang Long-Hanoi , the Khoan also sent on mission in1606 . However, the books in the "reference books" are not seen documented.
- ^ According to Nguyen Q. Thang Ba World -Nguyễn, historical figures dictionary Vietnam. Publisher of Social Sciences, 1992, tr.811.
- ^ Tran Van Giap Reviews, p. 911.
- ^ According to the "Van President Press" in the series Dynasty Calendar Press , he also has the book " Feng of anthologies , including two volumes, margin coming from assignments at 16, to all life Constitution porcelain dates plus 106 posts. Great to clear copious poetic, elegant atmosphere eloquent way. Last Emperor Minh Hien expectancy is very commendable, have porcelain KoreaViep Quang Ly poems titled " (quoted in translation, training 3, p. 131). Maybe this is part of the Wu Chi anthologies .
- ^ a ă According to Bui Duy Tan, p. 1432.
- ^ However, Vietnam encyclopedia written as West Lake ngưu agency . See more here:[2] .
- ^ Additional Information: Lam Son Uprising victory, Tong Ming Declarationrecognized Le Loi as king of Vietnam, but claims that each time to porcelain to carry the "yellow Lieu Thang" (figurative people cast gold) to atonement for Lieu Thang, together with local produce. To hold the border, end the war, the Le from Le Thai (ie Le Loi) must accept this tribute under the Charter is not an end. When the Qing Dynasty to replace the Ming , it must continue. Until the year 1718 ,Nguyen Cong airline travel Qing Dynasty porcelain has been proposed and King Kangxiapproved abandon tribute under the Charter.Count out the feudal dynasties of Vietnam has more than 500 gold tribute to the Chinese dynasties.
- ^ Book of Great Vietnam Complete Historyof Ngo Si Lien also copy it as follows: "Khoan to Yen Kinh, has met more Longevity of King Minh City, offering 30 poems celebrate the Lord. He electricity university dance artists lack make sure Leave Status cum prince of the Ming is its chief Zhang Area poems brought him rise Longevity. Emperor Minh coffee writers saying 'where talented people without. Hundred see poetry, find out loyalty of Khoan, very commendable '. Immediately put down the wrong moment to enact domestic print. Then, porcelain Korea as Pictures tào participate Toai said Ly Quang write titles for poems (Volume XVII Century House Le, The Apostolic Decree Emperor, part 2 [3] ).
- ^ Process called plays Outbreak (by Tran Van Giap , p. 911).
- ^ According to GS. Trinh Van Thanh (tr. 1105), Vietnam Encyclopedia (section from "Khoan") and Tran Van Giap (p. 911).
- ^ According to Tran Van Giap, p. 911.
